Kalinka, Калинка
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The song Kalinka was composed in 1860 by folklorist Ivan Petrovitsj Larionov (1830 - 1889) and was performed for the first time in Saratov, as part of a theatrical entertainment that also was composed by him. Soon it was added to the repertory of a folk choral group.
The refrain of the song refers to the snowball tree, kalina (diminutive kalinka), that has white flowers and red berries. The name kalina is derived from the word "kalit", "to make red-hot", which does link it directly to fire. In the Russian folk tradition, the red color of fire and the berries from the kalina became fused in a symbol of beauty, as the words beauty and red were synonyms in the old Russian language. Together with the sweet, red berries of the malina or raspberrie they began to serve as the symbol of love, as in Russian folklore berries were an erotic symbol. |
Later on Kalina and Malina began to stand for beautiful maiden, an object of passionate love. For this reason it was most appropriate for the Russian folk genius to give Kalinka such a soulful, light-hearted lyricism and unbridled passion, expressed by the tempo changes and the breath-taking accelerations: the main refrain "Kalinka, Kalinka" increases in tempo each time that it is sung. The Russian people see the song and dance as a symbol of their culture and all over the world it is considered as one of the most famous Russian folk and folk-style songs ever.
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One of the best-known singers of Kalinka was Evgeny Belyaev (1926-1994). It was also performed by the Italian American operatic bass and actor Ezio Pinza in the film "Tonight we sing" (1953), which was a semi biography of the Russian bass Feodor Chaliapin.
In 1993 the Welsh tenor Wynford Evans sang Kalinka at Cardiff Arms Park Stadium, accompanied by the largest ever male choir of 10 000 men, known as the World Choir. Instrumental verses of the song can be heard at the North American Ice Hockey Arena. Many ensembles, orchestras and Gypsy groups worldwide have adopted the name of the song |
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Russian lyrics
Калинка, калинка, калинка моя! В саду ягода малинка, малинка моя! Ах, под сосною, под зеленою, Спать положите вы меня! Ай-люли, люли, ай-люли, люли, Спать положите вы меня. Калинка, калинка, калинка моя! В саду ягода малинка, малинка моя! Ах, сосёнушка, ты зеленая, Не шуми ты надо мной! Ай-люли, люли, ай-люли, люли, Не шуми ты надо мной! Калинка, калинка, калинка моя! В саду ягода малинка, малинка моя! Ах, красавица, душа-девица, Полюби же ты меня! Ай-люли, люли, ай-люли, люли, Полюби же ты меня! Калинка, калинка, калинка моя! В саду ягода, малинка малинка моя! |
Transliteration
Kalinka, kalinka, kalinka moya! V sadu yagoda malinka, malinka moya! Akh, pod sosnoyu, pod zelenoyu, Spat' polozhite vy menya! Ay-lyuli, lyuli, ay-lyuli, lyuli, Spat' polozhite vy menya. Kalinka, kalinka, kalinka moya! V sadu yagoda malinka, malinka moya! Akh, sosyonushka ty zyelyenaya, Nye shumi ty nado mnoy! Ay-lyuli, lyuli, ay-lyuli, lyuli, Nye shumi ty nado mnoy! Kalinka, kalinka, kalinka moya! V sadu yagoda malinka, malinka moya! Akh, krasavitsa, dusha-dyevitsa, Polyubi zhe ty menya! Ay-lyuli, lyuli, ay-lyuli, lyuli, Polyubi zhe ty menya! Kalinka, kalinka, kalinka moya! V sadu yagoda malinka, malinka moya! |
English lyrics
Little cranberry, cranberry, cranberry of mine! In the garden (there is) a berry - little raspberry, raspberry of mine! Ah, under the pine, the green one, Lay me down to sleep! Oh-swing, sway, Oh-swing, sway, Lay me down to sleep. Little cranberry, cranberry, cranberry of mine! In the garden (there is) a berry - little raspberry, raspberry of mine! Ah, little pine, little green one, Don't rustle above me! Oh-swing, sway, Oh-swing, sway, Don't rustle above me. Little cranberry, cranberry, cranberry of mine! In the garden (there is) a berry - little raspberry, raspberry of mine! Ah, you beauty, pretty maiden, Fall in love with me! Oh-swing, sway, Oh-swing, sway, Fall in love with me. Little cranberry, cranberry, cranberry of mine! In the garden (there is) a berry - little raspberry, raspberry of mine! |
sources: http://www.ehow.com/about_6624912_kalinka-dance-history.html;
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalinka_(song);
http://www.ensemble-kalinka.org/index.html
https://books.google.be/books?id=zXv9AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA149&lpg=PA149&dq=snowball+tree+in+russian+tradition&source=bl&ots=xwiBjwBqzi&sig=2gEDnTanbMha5ZR88cJenzfCzXA&hl=nl&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjQy-minMXRAhUDWxoKHUnnB8IQ6AEIMDAE#v=onepage&q=snowball%20tree%20in%20russian%20tradition&f=false
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalinka_(song);
http://www.ensemble-kalinka.org/index.html
https://books.google.be/books?id=zXv9AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA149&lpg=PA149&dq=snowball+tree+in+russian+tradition&source=bl&ots=xwiBjwBqzi&sig=2gEDnTanbMha5ZR88cJenzfCzXA&hl=nl&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjQy-minMXRAhUDWxoKHUnnB8IQ6AEIMDAE#v=onepage&q=snowball%20tree%20in%20russian%20tradition&f=false
